twelve leverage points to intervene in a system

From systems thinker Donella Meadows’ Thinking in Systems, twelve “levers” or ways we might intervene to change the behavior of a system, in increasing order of effectiveness:

1. Constants, parameters, numbers (such as subsidies, taxes, standards)
2. The size of buffers and other stabilizing stocks, relative to their flows
3. Structure of material stocks and flows (such as transport network, population age structures)
4. Length of delays, relative to the rate of system changes
5. Strength of negative feedback loops, relative to the effect they are trying to correct against
6. Gain around driving positive feedback loops
7. Structure of information flow (who does and does not have access to what kinds of information)
8. Rules of the system (such as incentives, punishment, constraints)
9. Power to add, change, evolve, or self-organize system structure
10. Goal of the system
11. mental models that the system — its goals, structure, rules, delays, parameters — arises from
12. Power to transcend paradigms (paradigms are incredibly resilient, though: Max Planck said that paradigms change one death at a time, that only as generations pass do paradigms change)

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_leverage_points